The extraction of minerals and ores is an important industry, but it can also be associated with environmental impacts. In this context, techniques such as environmentally friendly mining and processes such as paste thickening have become established to help reduce impacts. In these articles, we review some of the key techniques and processes used in the mining and mineral processing industry, including open pit mining, the flotation process, the TBRC gold furnace, and the disseminated deposit. We explain how these methods work and the benefits they offer.